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HPE Campus Access Switching Expert Written Exam Sample Questions (Q43-Q48):
NEW QUESTION # 43
Two CX 8325 switches are configured as a cluster using VSX for the coreroleand two CX 6300M in VSF for theaggregation role. When a minor software upgrade is issued on the switches, what isthe method to achieve a hitlessupgrade with the aggregation switches?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The question involves a minor software upgrade on a VSF (Virtual Switching Framework) stack of CX
6300M switches in the aggregation role, with CX 8325 switches in a VSX cluster as the core. The task is to identify the method for a hitless upgrade on the aggregation switches.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A:Correct. VSF upgrades start with the secondary switch, followed by the primary, to ensure continuous operation without traffic disruption.
* Option B:Incorrect. In-Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) is used for VSX, not VSF, and follows a different process.
* Option C:Incorrect. Upgrading the primary switch first in VSF risks disrupting control plane operations.
* Option D:Incorrect. ISSU is not applicable to VSF upgrades.
* Why Option A is Correct:In a VSF stack, the update-software command initiates a rolling upgrade, starting with the secondary (standby) switch to ensure the primary (commander) continues handling traffic. Once the secondary is upgraded and rejoins the stack, the primary is upgraded, maintaining hitless operation. This process leverages VSF's ability to keep member switches active during upgrades, minimizing downtime. The CX 6300M's VSF implementation supports this hitless upgrade mechanism, as per HPE Aruba Networking documentation.
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Network Resiliency and Virtualization (8%):Designing and troubleshooting VSF for high availability and hitless upgrades.
* Troubleshooting (10%):Ensuring minimal disruption during software upgrades in campus networks.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: VSF Software Upgrade, detailing hitless upgrade procedures.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers VSF maintenance and upgrade processes.
HPE Aruba Networking Technical Documentation: CX 6300 Series VSF Upgrade Best Practices.
NEW QUESTION # 44
AnOSPF router has teamed a path to an external network oy both an El and an E2 advertisement, both routes having the same path cost. Which path -will the router prefer?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The question involves an OSPF router receiving both an E1 (External Type 1) and an E2 (External Type 2) advertisement for an external network with the same path cost. The task is to determine which path the router will prefer.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A (ECMP):Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) is used when multiple paths have the same total cost, but E1 and E2 routes have different metric calculations, so ECMP does not apply here.
* Option B (Prefer E2):Incorrect, as E2 routes are preferred only when E1 routes are not present or have a higher total cost.
* Option C (Suppressed):OSPF does not suppress routes due to path conflicts; it selects the best path based on metrics.
* Option D (Prefer E1):Correct. OSPF prefers E1 routes over E2 routes because E1 routes include the internal cost to the ASBR (Autonomous System Boundary Router) plus the external cost, providing a more accurate total cost.
* Why Option D is Correct:In OSPF, external routes are advertised as E1 or E2. E1 routes include both the external cost (advertised by the ASBR) and the internal cost to reach the ASBR, making them more precise for path selection. E2 routes only consider the external cost and are the default for redistributed routes unless explicitly configured as E1. When an OSPF router receives both E1 and E2 routes with the same external cost, it prefers the E1 route because it accounts for the total path cost, including internal network topology. This is per OSPF standards (RFC 2328).
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Routing (16%):Involves designing and troubleshooting OSPF routing topologies, including external route types (E1 vs. E2).
* Troubleshooting (10%):Includes analyzing OSPF path selection to resolve routing issues.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: OSPF Configuration, detailing E1 and E2 route types.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers OSPF external route selection and path preference.
RFC 2328: OSPF Version 2, explaining E1 and E2 route metrics and preference.
NEW QUESTION # 45
Ever since a recent firewall change at your WAN/lnternet edge, the 8GP state in your VSX pair has not returned to Established. What should you check to restore BGP functionality at the site?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The BGP state on a VSX pair is stuck (not 'Established') after a recent firewall change at the WAN/Internet edge, where the BGP peering likely occurs.
* BGP and Firewalls:BGP establishes sessions usingTCP port 179. Firewalls located between BGP peers must explicitly permit TCP port 179 traffic bidirectionally for the peering to establish and maintain. Firewall changes are a frequent cause of broken BGP sessions.
* Troubleshooting Steps After Firewall Change:The most logical first step is to verify that the firewall change did not inadvertently block TCP port 179 between the configured BGP neighbor IP addresses.
* Analysis of Options:
* A: Restarting routing service is disruptive and not the first step.
* B: Confirming that appropriate TCP ports (specifically 179) are still allowed through the firewall directly addresses the most probable cause related to the firewall change event.
* C: Restarting NAT service is likely irrelevant unless NAT is incorrectly configured for BGP peers.
* D: Confirming the peer AS is a basic configuration check but less likely related to thefirewall changeevent than port blocking.
* Conclusion:Given the problem occurred immediately following a firewall change, verifying that the firewall still permits TCP port 179 between the BGP peers is the most direct and likely troubleshooting step.
References:BGP protocol specifications (RFC 4271), Firewall management principles, Network troubleshooting methodology. This relates to "Routing" (16%), "Security" (10%), and "Troubleshooting" (10%) objectives.
NEW QUESTION # 46
A customer is trialing the below colorless port configuration on a single switch and has noticed that users roaming to access points connected to the test switch are unable to receive an IP address on the corporate Wi- R network, which is operating in bridged mode All other SSIDs are working as expected and the AP is Online in HPE Aruba Networking Central.
The security team reports that there have been no failed authentications m HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Access Tracker and that the last entry for the wiredport is returning the KADIUS Aruba-User-Hold attribute
'Access_Point.
Which configuration change is required to resolve the issue?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The issue involves users roaming to APs connected to a test switch failing to receive an IP address on the corporate Wi-Fi network (bridged mode), with ClearPass reporting a RADIUS Aruba-User-Role attribute of Access_Point. The goal is to identify the configuration change needed to resolve this issue.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A (port-access client-move enable):Enables client movement between ports but does not address the AP authentication issue.
* Option B (aaa authentication port-access client-limit 0):Correct. Setting the client limit to 0 on the switch ports (1/1/1-1/1/48) disables MAC authentication for APs, allowing them to be treated as trusted devices and preventing the application of an incorrect role.
* Option C (port-access onboarding-method concurrent enable):Enables concurrent onboarding but is unrelated to the AP role issue.
* Option D (port-access role Access_point auth-mode device-mode):Configures a device mode role but does not resolve the IP assignment issue caused by incorrect authentication.
* Why Option B is Correct:The issue arises because the switch is applying 802.1X or MAC authentication to the AP ports, resulting in ClearPass assigning the Access_Point role, which restricts client connectivity. By setting aaa authentication port-access client-limit 0 on the AP-connected ports (1
/1/1-1/1/48), the switch disables port-access authentication for these ports, treating the APs as trusted devices. This allows clients to authenticate properly via the AP and receive IP addresses in bridged mode, resolving the issue.
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* WLAN (9%):Involves troubleshooting wireless functions and Layer 2 issues related to AP connectivity.
* Authentication/Authorization (9%):Includes troubleshooting ClearPass integration and 802.1X configurations.
* Security (10%):Covers troubleshooting wired 802.1X implementations.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: Port Access Authentication, detailing client-limit configuration.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers ClearPass integration and AP authentication troubleshooting.
HPE Aruba Networking Technical Documentation: Dynamic Segmentation and Port Access Security.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Exhibit.
In the given example AGG-SW1 and AGG-SW2 use CX 8325 in VSX and Edge-1 withCX 6200F. You want toavcwl sub-optimal path.ng and ISL traffic for the VSX and upstream routers R1 and R2.
What is the HPE Aruba Networkingrecommended solution for me SVIs on the VSX switches connected to R1 and R2?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The scenario involves a VSX pair (AGG-SW1/SW2) connected upstream to routers R1/R2. The goal is to configure the SVIs on the VSX switches facing these upstream routers optimally to avoid suboptimal L3 paths and unnecessary traffic over the VSX Inter-Switch Link (ISL).
* VSX L3 Interface Options:
* Active Gateway:Primarily designed for downstream SVIs to provide a redundant default gateway to clients/access switches. Not typically used for upstream routed interfaces.
* Active Forwarding:Specifically designed for upstream routed interfaces (physical or SVIs) on a VSX pair. It allows both VSX members to actively route traffic arriving on that interface locally, without needing to forward L3 traffic across the ISL. This ensures optimal routing and utilizes both members effectively.
* Unicast IP (Standard IP):Without specific VSX features, standard routing applies. This could lead to suboptimal paths if, for example, return traffic prefers one VSX switch, but the optimal path requires crossing the ISL.
* VRRP:Can be run between VSX members but adds complexity and is generally superseded by Active Gateway (downstream) or Active Forwarding (upstream) in VSX designs.
* Analysis of Options:
* A. Configure active-forwarding: This enables local L3 forwarding on both VSX members for the upstream SVI, preventing unnecessary ISL traversal for routed traffic. This is the recommended best practice.
* B. Configure unicast IP: Standard configuration, potentially leading to suboptimal paths/ISL usage.
* C. Configure VRRP virtual-ip: Not the recommended approach for upstream links in VSX.
* D. Configure active-gateway: Incorrect, Active Gateway is for downstream SVIs.
* Conclusion:Using active-forwarding on the SVIs facing the upstream routers (R1/R2) is the HPE Aruba Networking recommended solution to ensure optimal routing and minimize L3 traffic across the ISL.
References:AOS-CX VSX Guide (Active Forwarding feature description and use cases). This relates to
"Network Resiliency and virtualization" (8%) and "Routing" (16%) objectives.
NEW QUESTION # 48
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